A leading aerospace research institute specializing in Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) depends on timely deliveries of high-grade nickel alloy powders, materials classified as flammable and toxic (UN Class 4.1). Despite the sensitive nature of these materials, the client was experiencing escalating disruption in inbound logistics. Only 53% of shipments arrived on time, and two recent consignments were rejected for hazmat non-compliance at customs.
In early 2024, a rejected 50 kg nickel powder shipment les to a three week operational standstill, putting multi-pound R&D milestones and OEM partnership commitments at risk.
When customs flagged the rejected consignment, the investigation revealed that the issue went far beyond a simple documentation error. Multiple layer of non-compliance were identified:
Incorrect UN packaging code used (4G instead of required 1H2)
Missing Class 6.1 toxic subsidiary risk labels
Damaged outer crate, making mandatory labels unreadable
Incorrect Emergency Response Guide (ERG) Code in the shipper's declaration
Supplier lacked internal hazmat compliance capability
Repackaging process was outsourced and slow, adding additional delays
Because nickel powder is both flammable and toxic, even a single missing label voids customs clearance.
Compounding the issue, the freight partner reported a 2-3 week backlog for certified hazmat shipments. With only one approved supplier, no buffer stock, and limited track and trace visibility, the client has no way to prevent or absorb disruptions.
The risk matrix showed critical vulnerabilities:
Single supplier dependency
Zero safety stock
Outdated procurement SOPs
No formal hazmat verification process
No live visibility into supplier or logistics lead times
All of these gaps directly threatened high priority R&D schedules and long term OEM trust.
AEM initiated a full scale analysis combining 5-Why, Hazmat Regulatory Gap Assessment, and Supplier Capability Audit to map the breakdown across people, process, and compliance.
Key Findings
Compliance Failures Originated at Supplier Level: The supplier lacked hazmat capability. Packaging, labelling, and documentation were handled manually withy no verification system.
Incorrect Packaging Standards: Required UN code 1H2 was replaced with 4G, making the shipment automatically non-compliant for export.
Documentation Errors: Emergency response code and MSDS references were outdated and mismatched.
No Error-Proofing Mechanisms: Neither the supplier nor the client had a checklist, sign-off systems, or verification step.
No safety stock or Backup Supplier: Any single error triggered an immediate operational shutdown.
Freight capacity issues: The certified hazmat carrier had a 2-3 week backlog, making timelines unpredictable.
Root Cause Summary: Lack of compliance verification (no poke yoke system), Supplier process immaturity, Single point of failure in sourcing, Inadequate SOPs, and Zero buffer stock to absorb variabilities.
This concluded that the problem was not only operational, but structural across the supply chain.
AEM designed and developed a two-phase strategy: rapid crisis recovery followed by long term stabilization.
Compliance Poka-Yoke System (Error-Proofing Mechanism)
We introduced a Hazmat Compliance Checklist, a fixed method control covering all mandatory requirements for customs and international hazmat transport.
How it works:
Supplier fills the checklist before dispatch.
Procurement team verifies each field for correctness.
Only after full compliance confirmation is shipment approval issued.
Any missing or incorrect entry triggers immediate corerction.
This eliminated documentation & packaging errors and ensured every shipment was 'customs-ready' before leaving the supplier.
SOP Redesign and Rapid Training
AEM rewrote the SOPs for: Inbound inspections, Hazmat documentation verification, Emergency sourcing, Repackaging requirements, and Buffer stock management.
Cross functional teams (procurement, QC, lab, operations) were trained in hazmat roles, responsibilities, and regulatory requirements.
Supply Chain Risk Reduction
Onboarded a secondary supplier, reducing dependency risk by 80%
Implemented a 2 week stock policy to absoeb any future disruptions
Introduced quarterly supplier audits focusing on compliance readiness
Real Time Visibility Tools
We developed: Live inventory dashboards, Material depletion forecating, shipment status tracking, lead time variance monitoring. This enabled proactive planning instead of reactive crisis management.
Within 8 weeks, the R&D center's hazmat supply chain was fully stabilized, eliminating operational risks and restoring production continuity.
Quantifiable Impact
LPBF operations fully restored with uninterrupted powder availability
80% reduction in dependency risk through dual sourcing
0 disruptions in the next procurement cycle due to safety stock
£50,000+ saved in delay penalties
62,000+ saved in emergency freight costs
100% of shipments passed customs with zero non compliance flags
A validated, audit-ready hazmat logistics systems now in place
AEM Consultancy (Analyze . Eliminate . Maximize) transformed a high risk, compliance vulnerable supply chain into a robust, predictable, and regulation-aligned hazmat logistics framework. By implementing error proof controls, redesigning SOPs, building internal capability, diversifying supplier base, and ensuring safety stock, the client now operates without disruption and with complete regulatory readiness.
The client regained operational stability, protected OEM relationships, reduced compliance risks, and fortified its long-term research delivery capability, setting a new benchmark for safe and resilient hazmat supply management in aerospace R&D.
Want to build a more resilient, data-informed, and scalable operations system in your manufacturing or R&D organization? Please contact AEM Consultancy